A synergic cooperation between terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks is a pivotal feature Engraved Leather Belt for achieving global wireless coverage.In this framework, the satellite swarm-based massive array represents one of the most promising key enabling technologies in coping with the ever-increasing system requirements for beyond 5G (B5G) and 6G systems.In this paper, a novel strategy for the synthesis of satellite massive arrays with reconfigurable antenna units (SMART-U) is presented.The radiative performance of the proposed configuration are analysed for low-earth and geostationary orbiting satellites and assess a remarkable robustness and flexibility of the new synthesis architecture.A remarkable scanning range improvement and peak side lobe level (PSLL) lowering of the addressed concentric ring array (CRA) is achieved by exploiting a multiobjective optimization based on the Pareto front.
The proposed SMART-U phased array can efficiently cope with adverse satellite attitudes by tailoring the Adjustable Pin circularly polarized (CP) field radiated by each unit offering a clear advantage with respect to conventional swarm-based arrays with a static antenna element factor.